Of course, Arizona is not the only place experiencing hot weather. 2023 was the planet’s warmest year on record, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Temperature records have already been broken in 2024, and extreme heat is becoming more commonplace. It is important to understand how extreme heat can affect health in the general population, and for us at MotherToBaby, how high temperatures can specifically affect people who are pregnant. For more insight on this issue, we turned to Dr. Christina Han with our partner, the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine.

What is extreme heat?

Extreme heat has been defined as “a period of high heat and humidity with temperatures above 90 degrees for at least two to three days.” (Ready.gov). According to Dr. Han, ”extreme heat can lead to health issues for anyone, including heat rash, sunburn, heat cramps, heat exhaustion or heat stroke. These environmental changes also increase the rates of violence and exposure to pollution.  Some groups of people are more likely to be affected by extreme heat, including people who are pregnant.”

What is hyperthermia?

Hyperthermia is a rise in body temperature that happens when the body absorbs more heat than it releases. One of the most common causes of hyperthermia is heat stroke. Fever, extreme exercise, or use of hot tubs or saunas can also increase the chance of hyperthermia.

Being pregnant during extreme heat can increase the chance of developing heat stroke, heat exhaustion, or other heat-related illness. In extreme heat, the body has to work harder to keep cool for two. When the body is unable to cool itself properly, there can be an increased chance of hyperthermia.

What are the concerns with extreme heat and pregnancy?

Studies have reported a small increased chance for neural tube defects (NTDs) in babies of people who had high fevers lasting 24 hours or longer  before the 6th week of pregnancy.  A few studies have reported a small increased chance for other birth defects when fever or hyperthermia happen in early pregnancy, especially if the fever is untreated. Other studies have not found a higher chance for birth defects when a person experiences hyperthermia early in pregnancy.

People who are pregnant also need to drink more water to avoid dehydration. Chronic dehydration can affect pregnancy outcomes. One study suggests that chronic dehydration can affect newborn weight, length, and head and chest circumference. Some studies have reported associations between high temperatures during pregnancy and a higher chance of preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth.

What are some signs of heat-related illness?

Heat stroke: Body temperature of 103°F or higher; hot, red, dry, or damp skin; headache; confusion, dizziness; nausea; passing out.

Heat exhaustion: Heavy sweating; cold, pale, and clammy skin; nausea/vomiting; dizziness, headache, muscle cramps; tiredness/weakness; passing out.

Heat-related illnesses can sometimes be an emergency. Anyone who thinks they are having a medical emergency should seek care right away. For more information on when to seek medical help, visit the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) page here: https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/heatstress/heatrelillness.html.

Dr. Han also shared some general tips for dealing with extreme heat during pregnancy:

• Stay cool as much as possible, both indoors and outdoors
• Avoid peak sun hours if you must be outside
• Avoid or minimize strenuous activities
• Wear appropriate clothing such as hats and loose lightweight clothing
• Avoid alcohol and limit caffeine
• Wear sunscreen
• Use caution when engaging in strenuous activities; be sure to take breaks, drink water, and get plenty of rest.
• Check the local news for heat warnings and health/safety tips

Find more information from CDC on preventing heat-related illness here: https://www.cdc.gov/extreme-heat/prevention/index.html.

Dr. Han’s final tip: Don’t forget to talk with your provider! “Your healthcare provider can help you find resources and ways to protect yourself and your family. Managing exposure to extreme heat is important for everyone’s health, including those who are pregnant.”

MotherToBaby specialists are also available to talk with you about exposures before or during pregnancy. Best of luck staying cool out there!

The post Feeling the Burn: Extreme Heat in Pregnancy appeared first on MotherToBaby.

Emma, a new mother to a baby boy, lives in a rural area where the nearest town with a healthcare facility is over an hour away. Even by phone, it was difficult to reach her provider’s office. She was determined to provide the best for her son, including breastfeeding; however, she was concerned about managing her post-partum anxiety and depression. She wasn’t sure where to find out if her medications were something she could take while breastfeeding – which made her more anxious! Emma faced some common challenges living in a rural area:

• Travel Barriers – Emma struggled with general breastfeeding and medications concerns, all while managing the demands of a newborn; traveling long distances for an appointment was not only exhausting, but also not ideal.

• Limited Local Support – Emma’s town had no specialized breastfeeding support services. The nearest support group was a two-hour drive away, making it difficult for Emma to access help when she needed it most.

• Limited Resources – Finding reliable information about breastfeeding was another challenge. Emma felt isolated and unsure where to turn for accurate information.

One day, while searching for answers online and discovering mixed information about the medications she wanted to start, Emma discovered MotherToBaby. Intrigued by our expert support that was available remotely and promptly, she explored our fact sheets, blogs, and podcasts that cover a range of breastfeeding topics. After reviewing our website, she was delighted to see our live chat service!

During our conversation, we addressed Emma’s concerns about breastfeeding while on her medications to treat her post-partum anxiety and depression. We were also able to discuss the recommendations for vaccines while breastfeeding (like the updated COVID-19 and influenza vaccines. We also answered her questions about cold medications, referring her to our specialized blog. She was very relieved to connect with someone so quickly and receive accurate information on the spot.

The flexibility of MotherToBaby’s online services was also a game-changer for Emma. She was now able to access information at times that suited her schedule, as she also could use our text, email, or phone service. This was particularly important for Emma, since her days were unpredictable and often included late-night feedings and other unexpected moments!

MotherToBaby referred Emma to online lactation resources and support groups. Engaging with other breastfeeding parents and experts on an online platform can provide her with emotional support and encouragement. Sharing experiences and hearing from others who faced similar challenges can also help Emma feel less alone and more empowered in her breastfeeding journey. Engaging with the online community and support can provide Emma with a sense of connection and support that was missing in her rural area, which can help her more easily navigate the ups and downs of breastfeeding.

Mental health support was also very important to Emma because she lacked this in her daily life. Resources like Post-Partum Support International (PSI) and the National Maternal Mental Health Hotline are now tools Emma has to support her along the way.

With evidence-based information about her medications and referrals to the appropriate resources, Emma felt much more reassured about treating her anxiety and depression while breastfeeding. She felt more knowledgeable and prepared to continue taking care of herself and her newborn. The convenience of online support and education alleviated much of the stress she had been feeling. She could now focus more on bonding with her baby, knowing she can turn to MotherToBaby should she have more questions or concerns about medications or exposures while breastfeeding.

References:

https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/toolkits/maternal-health/2/breastfeeding

https://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding/data/facts.html

The post Empowering Education and Support for Breastfeeding People Living in Rural Communities appeared first on MotherToBaby.

Back when the Zika epidemic was sweeping the western hemisphere, answering these travel-related questions was fairly straightforward. It was easier to know where there was a risk for Zika infection as governments and public health organizations around the world collaborated to identify and report cases. Since then, the number of reported Zika cases has fallen dramatically, but sporadic, low-level transmission continues to happen in some areas. Systems for detecting and reporting cases vary widely from country to country now, making it difficult to know the exact level of risk in any given area.

So, what’s a traveler to do?

First and foremost, all travelers should avoid mosquito bites to help prevent not only Zika, but also other diseases spread by mosquitoes. Preventing bites is important for everyone, especially those who are pregnant or planning a pregnancy and their partners. The best way to prevent mosquito bites while traveling is to use an Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-registered insect repellent with one of the following active ingredients:

• DEET
• Picaridin (also known as KBR 3023 and icaridin)
• IR3535
• Oil of lemon eucalyptus (OLE)
• Para-menthane-diol (PMD)
• 2-undecanone

Other ways to help prevent bites during travel include wearing loose-fitting, long-sleeved shirts and pants, and sleeping in areas free of mosquitoes (such as accommodations with window and door screens or air conditioning, or sleeping under a mosquito net).  

Second, consider your destination.

Check for active Zika Travel Health Notices from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Travel Health Notices indicate areas with known current transmission of Zika.

After checking for Zika Travel Health Notices, visit the CDC interactive Zika map. The map uses different shades of blue to broadly classify Zika risk in countries and territories around the world:

• Dark blue areas have reported Zika transmission in the past and there could be current sporadic or low-level transmission in some areas. As in any area, there could be delays in detecting and reporting any new outbreaks.
• Medium blue areas have the kind of mosquitoes that most commonly spread Zika, but they have not reported Zika cases in the past.
• Light blue areas are not known to have the kind of mosquitoes that most commonly spread Zika, and they have not reported Zika cases in the past.

Third, learn the recommendations.

Learn the recommendations related to pregnancy based on your destination (summarized below). Depending on where you’re thinking of going, CDC might advise that you avoid travel, take steps to prevent passing the virus to a partner through sex (sexual transmission), and/or delay pregnancy if you or your partner are planning to become pregnant. Preventing sexual transmission of Zika means using condoms or dental dams, not sharing sex toys, or not having sex for 2 months after travel (for biological females) or 3 months after travel (for biological males). If delaying pregnancy after travel, follow these same timeframes (2 months after travel for biological females and 3 months after travel for biological male partners).

Recommendations for areas with a Zika Travel Health Notice:

• If you are pregnant, avoid travel to these areas.
• If your partner is pregnant and you must travel to these areas, prevent mosquito bites and sexual transmission during and after travel according to the guidelines and timeframes above.
• If you or your partner are planning a pregnancy and you choose to travel to these areas, prevent mosquito bites, prevent sexual transmission, and delay pregnancy after travel according to the guidelines and timeframes above.

Recommendations for areas with current or past transmission (dark blue on the map):

• If you or your partner are pregnant and you choose to travel to these areas, be sure to prevent mosquito bites. If you are concerned about Zika, prevent sexual transmission during and after travel according to the guidelines and timeframes above.
• If you or your partner are planning a pregnancy, be sure to prevent mosquito bites. If you are concerned about Zika, prevent sexual transmission during and after travel and consider delaying pregnancy according to the guidelines and timeframes above.

For travel to all other areas with mosquitoes, take steps to prevent bites.

Lastly, talk to your healthcare provider.

Talk to your healthcare provider about any questions or concerns. They can help you consider the nature of your travel, your ability to prevent mosquito bites and sexual transmission, the risks associated with a potential Zika infection, your pregnancy plans, and any other factors specific to you, your partner, and your circumstances. 

MotherToBaby specialists are also available to talk with you about Zika or other travel-related exposures before or during pregnancy. Safe and happy travels!

The post Zika, Pregnancy, and Travel in a Post-Epidemic World appeared first on MotherToBaby.

Natalie had just returned from a visit to her OB/GYN’s office where she was diagnosed with anxiety. She had shared with her doctor that she was having trouble eating and sleeping, and was experiencing racing thoughts and constant worry about the future. Natalie’s OB/GYN was concerned that what she was describing was more than the typical pregnancy concerns that many women have. She recommended that Natalie start on an SSRI to help manage her symptoms.

Natalie knew she needed to do something to deal with her anxiety, but she was reluctant to take any medication. “I’ve read online that SSRIs can cause the baby to experience withdrawal symptoms, and I would never want to do anything to hurt my baby!” she quickly typed. “Instead of taking this medication, would it be better for me to just suffer through the next 26 weeks so my baby will be born ok?”

Natalie’s question was not uncommon. Here in the United States, anxiety affects about 6.8 million adults, and women are twice as likely as men to have this mood disorder. Furthermore, about 6% of women will develop anxiety at some point during their pregnancy. Non-medication approaches may be an effective first-line treatment for certain individuals. Some women benefit from daily meditation or exercise. For others, opening up to a friend or attending talk therapy sessions may help. Natalie had tried all of these options in her first trimester, and unfortunately her anxiety was getting worse.

I knew Natalie wanted a quick answer to her question about withdrawal, but I told her that first it was important for us to review just how necessary it was for her to treat her mood disorder. I applauded Natalie for recognizing the symptoms of anxiety, and having an honest conversation with her doctor about how she was feeling. Next, I let her know that many women think that suffering through these feelings during pregnancy may be the best option. However, we know that anxiety can actually cause problems on its own when left untreated. Studies have identified an increased risk for preterm birth (baby born before 37 weeks) and low birth weight when women do not properly treat their anxiety during pregnancy. Women with untreated anxiety may also have more trouble bonding with their baby both during pregnancy and after delivery. Lastly, a personal history of anxiety prior to or during pregnancy is a known risk factor for developing a serious mood disorder after giving birth.

Natalie completely understood the importance of weighing the risks vs. the benefits. Her niece had been born premature and she has seen firsthand just how scary that experience was for her sister. She agreed that treating her anxiety was important.

Natalie’s doctor had recommended that she start on sertraline (Zoloft), which belongs to a class of medications known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or SSRIs. Other medications in this class include citalopram (Celexa), fluoxetine (Prozac), and paroxetine (Paxil), to name a few. The SSRIs are well studied, which means that we have a good idea of what the effects might be when a woman takes one of these medications during pregnancy. Withdrawal (also known as neonatal adaptation syndrome) is one of those known effects.

Babies of women who are taking an SSRI at the time of delivery may have some difficulties in the first few days of life. Reported symptoms include jitteriness, increased muscle tone, irritability, constant crying, changes in sleeping patterns, tremors, difficulty eating, and problems with breathing. Not every baby will experience these symptoms. For the SSRI medications, it is estimated that 10-30% of babies will be affected.

Some babies with symptoms of withdrawal may need to spend time in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to receive additional care. However, in most cases the symptoms are mild and go away within two weeks. Reassuringly, there does not seem to be a dose-response relationship, which means that women who need a higher amount of medication to manage their anxiety are not expected to have babies who are at a higher risk for withdrawal.

“I feel so much better after chatting with you, and I really feel like this withdrawal issue can be managed if I plan ahead” Natalie said. “I think it’s going to be in my baby’s best interest for me to start taking this medication as soon as possible to get my anxiety under control.” I was glad that Natalie had reached out to chat with us about this issue. It can be a complex topic, but certainly not an uncommon one. Now armed with the most current information available, Natalie can make the best choice for her and her baby

References:

• U.S. anxiety stats: https://www.womenshealth.gov/mental-health/illnesses/generalized-anxiety-disorder.html
• Pregnancy anxiety stats: http://www.postpartum.net/learn-more/anxiety-during-pregnancy-postpartum/
• Postpartum Anxiety: https://www.anxiety.org/postpartum-anxiety-risk-factors
• Medications used to treat anxiety: https://adaa.org/finding-help/treatment/medication

The post Managing Mom’s Anxiety during Pregnancy appeared first on MotherToBaby.

Cara and her husband Mark were contacting MotherToBaby for the first time. “Our adoption counselor just called – we have been matched with a potential birth mom this morning and she’s due next Friday!” Cara blurted out excitedly. “The counselor said you would be able to tell us about the baby’s exposure to heroin and Klonopin. I don’t know how much she used, or when she stopped. We need to make a decision today.”

As a Teratogen Information Specialist, I often receive calls from parents who are in all stages of the adoption process. The adoption journey can be an emotional rollercoaster, as Cara was experiencing. Here at MotherToBaby, we’re happy to help and it’s not uncommon for us to hear from potential parents who need to make a quick decision. We always let the prospective parents know that it’s important to learn about any exposures that may have happened during the birth mom’s pregnancy to best understand what a future with this child might look like. Bottom line: We want adoptive parents to feel as prepared and informed as possible.

So, what should a potential adoptive mom or dad ask about when making this important decision?

Alcohol

When asking about prenatal exposures, be sure to ask about alcohol use. Alcohol can be one of the most worrisome and scary exposures. That’s because when a woman drinks alcohol while pregnant, it has the ability to affect the baby’s brain, which is developing throughout the entire pregnancy.

Children exposed to alcohol during pregnancy are at risk for something called fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). FASD is a spectrum of disorders ranging from very severe effects (such as low IQ and small head) to more minor effects (such as attention issues and poor judgment). While FASD is a lifelong diagnosis, we know that early interventions have the potential to significantly improve outcomes for these children. If you notice that your child is starting to struggle in school, or having behavior issues, will you have the time and resources to get them the extra help they may need? It’s a question you want to ask yourself as you consider adopting a child that might have special needs. Finding a specialist in your community that is familiar with treating FASD is a great place to start if you find yourself in this situation.

Recreational Drugs

Heroin, cocaine, marijuana, and methamphetamine are exposures that we unfortunately hear about all too often. While some women continue to abuse drugs up until delivery, other birth moms are motivated to quit when they learn they are pregnant. The most important information you can try to gather about this type of exposure is HOW MUCH and HOW OFTEN did the birth mom use the drug. Was it a one-time occurrence early in pregnancy, or an addiction she struggled with the entire nine months? These details can help the specialist you speak with best assess the situation. Using these types of recreational drugs during pregnancy can increase the risk for birth defects, pregnancy complications, and learning problems. See MotherToBaby’s fact sheets for more information.

Methadone and Buprenorphine

Methadone and buprenorphine are two prescription medications that are commonly used to treat addiction to opioids such as heroin, codeine, and hydrocodone. Methadone works by changing how the brain and nervous system respond to pain. It also lessens the painful symptoms of opioid withdrawal and blocks the euphoric effects of opioid drugs. To get methadone, a person has to visit a clinic every day. Buprenorphine works a bit differently and is called a “partial agonist.” This means that it partially creates a feeling of euphoria, but to a lesser degree than a narcotic like heroin. Buprenorphine is available by prescription only.

For many women, there are benefits to staying on a maintenance therapy like methadone or buprenorphine during pregnancy. Most importantly, it helps prevent relapse for women who have a history of abusing opioids. We also know that the women are getting a controlled dose of the medication every day from a healthcare provider. Lastly, women who remain on methadone or buprenorphine throughout pregnancy are less likely to have some of the health issues that traditional drug users may experience, such as a risk for infectious disease (like hepatitis C or HIV) from sharing dirty needles.

While these medications are generally preferred over continued drug abuse, there are still some risks associated with their use during pregnancy. If the birth mom you are considering reports exposure to methadone or buprenorphine, please contact us directly to learn more.

Cigarette Smoking

Cigarette smoking often goes hand in hand with alcohol and drug use. Again, knowing how much and how often the birth mom was smoking is the most helpful information you can have. Many times when a woman finds out she is pregnant she is able to either stop smoking completely, or cut down to just a few cigarettes per day, greatly reducing any possible risks to the baby.

Many studies have associated heavy cigarette smoking during pregnancy with an increased risk for preterm birth (delivery before 37 weeks). A baby born too early has a higher chance for health problems and may need to stay in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). If the birth mom you are considering is a heavy cigarette smoker, it’s important to think about how you would handle a baby that may need to spend some extra time in the hospital. For some moms and dads who are matched with a baby in a different state, this may present some logistical challenges. A couple of questions to ask yourself: will you be able to temporarily relocate to the city where the baby is born, and spend some extra time there if the baby does requires a longer hospital stay of a few weeks or more?

Prescription Medication

If a birth mom is taking a prescription medication, the most important thing to try to find out is whether she is taking it as directed, or possibly abusing it. There are many medical conditions that need to be managed during pregnancy – asthma, anxiety, depression, diabetes, and nausea to name just a few. If the birth mom is taking the medication as directed, there’s a good chance we have studies looking at typical use of the medication during pregnancy, and any possible risks to the baby may be small. If a woman is abusing the medication there is likely not as much data, so we have less understanding of how the pregnancy may be affected.

Genetic Predisposition

It’s also important to consider the reason a birth mom needs to take a specific medication. If the woman is prescribed a bipolar medication, for example, her medical history should be something to think about. Many health conditions have a genetic component, meaning that the baby you may adopt has the potential to inherit this condition. If the child does develop a genetic condition like bipolar disorder or schizophrenia, is this something you think that you (and your partner) could take on?

While this question is slightly outside our area of expertise, it’s an important one to consider, and speaking with a genetic counselor to better understand any potential risk is a good idea.

Prenatal Care

Getting early and regular prenatal care improves the chances of a healthy pregnancy. Women who see a doctor or midwife routinely may be more motivated to stop unhealthy behaviors (such as drug use and cigarette smoking) and start healthy behaviors (like taking a daily prenatal vitamin with folic acid). Women who have access to prenatal care are also less likely to experience pregnancy complications caused by health conditions they might have (such as high blood pressure and diabetes).

While this information may not be readily available to you, there are certain situations where we know that the birth mom is more likely to be receiving prenatal care: women who are in jail or women who are in rehabilitation programs.

Ultrasounds are another aspect of prenatal care that can be helpful to know about. Typically, during a normal healthy pregnancy, women will receive what is called a fetal anatomy scan right around 20 weeks. This is a detailed ultrasound that is taking a look at all of baby’s organs (heart, kidneys, bladder, sex organs, brain, etc.) to make sure they developed properly. Measurements will also be taken to make sure the baby is growing as expected. While ultrasounds are not 100% diagnostic (meaning they can’t pick up every possible problem) a normal ultrasound does provide some reassurance. Ultrasounds are especially helpful if the birth mom was using a drug or medication that is associated with a higher risk for birth defects.

Has the Baby Already Been Born?

If the baby has already been born when you get the call, we have a lot more information to work with! First off, we know whether the baby was born early and we know the baby’s weight. If baby was born full term (after 37 weeks) and at a healthy weight, the likelihood of them having to stay in the NICU is much lower. A physical exam can also help rule out any major birth defects.

Lastly, we can look for something called neonatal abstinence syndrome (commonly called withdrawal). Withdrawal is an issue that can occur in some babies exposed to drugs like heroin or methamphetamine, or prescription medications like antidepressants or methadone later in pregnancy. While the specifics can vary depending on the exposure, symptoms typically develop soon after birth and in some cases can last for weeks. If a baby experiences withdrawal, they may need to spend some time in the NICU getting medication and extra care.

Making an Informed Choice

Wow, that sure is a lot to think about, right? The purpose of this blog is not to overwhelm you, but to inform you! We know first-hand that many adoptive moms and dads-to-be are provided with very few details about the birth mom and her possible exposures. We want to arm you with the questions to ask! In many cases you can gather some of the information discussed above from conversations with the adoption agency or the birth mom, medical records, or once the baby is born. The more information you have to share with experts like us, the better, so ask as many questions as you can! After all, this is one of the biggest decisions you will make in life, and it’s important to be as informed as possible.

After spending some time learning about the effects of heroin and Klonopin, Cara and Mark felt that they had a good understanding of the potential issues associated with these exposures, and decided to move forward with the adoption. The good news for this couple (and all adoptive parents-to-be!) is that multiple studies have shown that babies that are raised in loving and stable adoptive homes do much better than children that remain with a birth mom who is continuing to abuse drugs or alcohol. Cara called back three months later to thank us for all the information we had provided. She shared that her baby boy was home and thriving, and they were so happy to have made an informed decision.

As you move forward in the adoption process, don’t forget that Teratogen Information Specialists at MotherToBaby are available to review any specific adoptive scenarios you are presented with, at no cost to you. Don’t hesitate to give us a call at 866-626-6847 or chat with an expert today to get your questions answered!

The post Asking Questions That Count When Considering Adoption appeared first on MotherToBaby.

As a MotherToBaby specialist, I knew the perfect resource to direct Michelle to: Nurse-Family Partnership. Elly Yost, a nurse practitioner with over 35 years of experience explains how this evidence-based, community health program can help first-time moms and their children affected by social and economic inequality.

Moms enrolled in the Nurse-Family Partnership program benefit by getting the care and support they need in order to have a healthy pregnancy. At the same time, families develop a close relationship with the nurse who becomes a trusted resource they can rely on for advice on everything from safely caring for their child to taking steps to provide a stable, secure future for their new family. Find out more about Nurse-Family Partnership here.

Q: What does the relationship look like between an NFP nurse and parent-to-be?

Elly: The relationship between an NFP nurse and a parent-to-be is built on trust and support. We prioritize the client as the expert in their own life, ensuring that their desires and needs guide our approach to supporting a healthy pregnancy. Our role is to meet them where they are and provide the tailored support to navigate this transformative journey effectively.

Q: What health benefits might a person experience from participating in the NFP Program?

Elly: Participating in NFP can yield a range of health benefits for first-time parents. Through regular health assessments conducted by a registered nurse (RN), participants receive personalized health screenings aimed at promoting overall wellness. This holistic approach not only addresses the immediate health needs of the parent but also extends to the well-being of their child. By closely monitoring factors such as blood pressure and weight gain, NFP nurses work with expectant mothers to identify and understand potential danger signs, such as swelling or headaches, that may indicate underlying health concerns.

Recognizing that pregnant individuals are the experts on their own bodies, NFP empowers them with knowledge and support to recognize and address anything that seems concerning. We learn about each person’s health history to customize care to their needs.

NFP nurses also regularly check on the baby’s growth and development after birth by measuring length, weight, and head circumference, along with developmental milestones using Ages and Stages Questionnaires®. We look at what the parent and child need emotionally and socially, understanding how their health is linked and creating a caring environment for them to bond.

Q: Why does the Nurse-Family Partnership model work?

Elly: The NFP model is proven to work because it prioritizes the needs and desires of the parents it serves. By adhering to client-centered principles, we believe in listening to each first-time mom we work with because we know she’s the one who knows her life best. We’ve seen that even small changes can lead to big, positive results, so we focus on finding solutions together.

One big part of what we do is making sure moms feel heard and supported. We talk with them about how they’re feeling during pregnancy, understanding that it’s normal to have all kinds of emotions during this time. We’re here to offer guidance and reassurance, helping them navigate any worries they might have.

Our team of RNs is crucial to our work. With their education and experience, they provide moms with the best information and support possible. They’re here to make sure every mom gets the care and guidance she deserves on her journey.

Q: How long does the relationship between the NFP and the family last?

Elly: Something unique about the role of an NFP nurse in the partnership with moms is the duration of the relationship. Families have the freedom to stay connected with their NFP nurse until their child turns two. This extended period allows for a deep and meaningful relationship to develop between the nurse and the parents, fostering trust, support, and continuity of care throughout the critical early stages of the child’s development. This extended duration underscores the uniqueness of the bond formed within the NFP partnership, reflecting a commitment to long-term support and empowerment for both the parents and their child.

Q: How does the role of an NFP nurse change after a baby is born?

Elly: After a baby is born, NFP nurses adjust their role to support the special bond between the mother and her newborn. While the basics of care stay the same, the focus now extends to the dyad and family unit. The nurse’s attention is directed towards both the individual needs of the mother, developmental milestones, well-being of the newborn, and the family.

Despite this adjustment, the core role of the nurse as a source of guidance, advocacy, and support for the mother persists, ensuring that she continues to receive personalized care and attention throughout her journey into motherhood.

Q: How do NFP nurses support first time parents’ mental health?

Elly: NFP nurses play a crucial role in supporting the mental health of first-time parents through a combination of clinical expertise, compassionate care, and advocacy. From a clinical perspective, nurses conduct thorough assessments for depression and anxiety. Additionally, nurses assess the temperament and emotions of mothers, providing tailored support and referrals based on individual needs and preferences.

What sets NFP nurses apart is their dedication to building trusting relationships and providing personalized care. They invest time in getting to know each client, fostering a supportive environment where parents feel comfortable expressing their concerns and emotions. This level of care and observation allows nurses to offer not only clinical support but also emotional reassurance and guidance.

NFP nurses also act as advocates, guiding parents through the healthcare system and connecting them with resources for mental well-being. By addressing both the clinical and emotional aspects of mental health, NFP nurses empower first-time parents to navigate the challenges of parenthood with strength and confidence.

Q: What would you like to see improved about the current state of pregnancy and/or post-birth care?

Elly: I think one area for improvement in current pregnancy and post-birth care is the practice of listening and truly hearing the experiences and concerns of expectant and new parents. For example, the ‘Hear Her’ campaign by CDC highlights the importance of this simple yet profound concept: actively listening to pregnant and postpartum people and believing them.

By taking the time to genuinely hear and understand the needs and perspectives of clients, healthcare providers can foster trust, enhance communication, and deliver more patient-centered care. Empowering women to share their stories and validating their experiences can lead to improved outcomes and a more supportive healthcare environment for all.

Q: What is additional guidance you would give a first-time parent?

Elly: Additional guidance I would offer to first-time parents is simple yet powerful: You’re doing a great job! Love for your child is the cornerstone of effective parenting. Embrace the idea of ‘good enough parenting,’ where you do your best without feeling pressured by unrealistic standards. In a world full of advice and expectations, what matters most to your child is your love and care. Trust your instincts, show them love, and believe in your ability to navigate parenthood’s journey. If you are a first-time mom who is 28 weeks pregnant or less, you can find a free, personal NFP nurse in your area here.

NFP Is Here For You!

After sharing the resources of NFP with Michelle, she texted back the next day saying “Thank you! I read through their website and this is exactly what I need to make me feel confident in my decisions during the rest of my pregnancy and have someone to help me during the early days of parenthood. I already enrolled in the program and hope to get started soon.” It is so lovely to hear that NFP was exactly what Michelle needed, and I hope that she and other first-time parents continue to benefit from this resource for years to come.

The post A Guiding Light for New Moms: Nurse Family Partnership appeared first on MotherToBaby.

“This combination has been working well for me,” she explained. “Having that said, I wonder if the treatments are increasing my chances for pregnancy complications or birth defects in my baby?”  She wondered if she would be better off getting off the buprenorphine and naloxone now.

In preparing to answer her concerns, I reached out to Ellen Kolomeyer, PhD, PMH-C, a licensed clinical psychologist certified in perinatal mental health, who is part of the National Maternal Mental Health Hotline team to assist us in providing the best answers about recovery treatment while pregnant. The National Maternal Mental Health Hotline provides 24/7 support to pregnant and postpartum individuals experiencing challenges with mood and anxiety, as well as their support persons and loved ones through its phone and text line 1-833-TLC-MAMA.

Q:  How common is it for a person in recovery and who is also pregnant to be treating an opioid use disorder with medications?

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about 7% of pregnant people used opioids during pregnancy, with one in five of those people reporting that they misused opioids during pregnancy.  But, only about half of the pregnant people who use opioids during pregnancy are in recovery, so it is wonderful that Lyndsay is reaching out to learn how to best care for herself and her baby. I hope her story shows that it is possible to get help and have a healthy pregnancy.

Q: What treatments can be used?

When a pregnant person is dealing with opioid addiction, healthcare providers often prescribe medicines like methadone and buprenorphine. It is best if treatment starts before someone gets pregnant to help both the mother and baby stay healthy. But sometimes, people face challenges that make it hard to get treatment. These can be personal issues like having a tough time managing feelings or problems with relationships. There can also be unfair judgments from others about drug addiction that make it harder for people to seek help. Besides giving medicine, it is also important to get help for mental health. This means talking to a counselor or therapist about the things that might be causing someone to use drugs in the first place.

Q: Is discontinuing treatment while pregnant recommended? Why or why not?

It is important to know that stopping opioid use suddenly during pregnancy can be dangerous for both the pregnant person and the baby. Managing opioid use with medication is a better way to stay healthy and reduce the risk of going back to using drugs. So, it is best to keep taking the medication rather than stopping it while pregnant. It is crucial to talk with a healthcare provider before making any decisions about treatment.

Q: Should a person who is pregnant expect their healthcare provider to start or stop medications or switch to alternatives?

Each pregnancy is different, so there is no one answer that fits everyone. Depending on the situation, a pregnant person might start, stop, or switch medications. It is common for healthcare providers to talk about medications, like methadone https://mothertobaby.org/fact-sheets/methadone/ or buprenorphine, https://mothertobaby.org/fact-sheets/buprenorphine/ and suggest starting them if needed. Sometimes, providers might think about changing to a different medication but they will carefully consider the risks and benefits. It is best to see a healthcare provider who knows how to give the right recommendations for pregnant people.

Q: What can a person who is pregnant do to advocate for themselves in this scenario?

Pregnant people who are struggling with opioid use often face challenges in getting the right information and help. Even though there can be judgment from others, pregnant individuals can benefit from speaking up for themselves. One important way to do this is to understand the reasons behind the problems they are facing and to talk about their goals.

Research shows that many people turn to drugs because of past trauma, not having enough support or money, dealing with bad feelings, and having tough relationships, among other reasons. By thinking about their own situation and struggles, individuals can work to address the main issues they’re facing.

I want every pregnant person in this situation to know that they can still have a good relationship with their baby and take care of their baby’s needs. It is a good idea to find a healthcare provider who knows a lot about opioid use disorder to get the right support. Building a strong support system could be the key to making a big change and getting better.

There are some great ways that pregnant people recovering from opioid use disorder can build their support system. Talking through personal hardships in support groups, with home visitors, with a counselor, or with a therapist can help build the tools and confidence you need to learn how to advocate for yourself and your baby with medical providers.

Q: What is the best way that the person who is pregnant can share their questions and concerns with their Obstetric provider?

To make sure you get the best support, it is helpful to find a healthcare provider who knows about substance use issues. One great way for a pregnant person to talk about their questions and worries with their OB is to write them down before an appointment and bring the list with them. As the pregnancy progresses, working together with the provider to plan for labor, delivery, and postpartum care can get the parent-to-be ready for what is ahead at each stage. I suggest asking your obstetric provider to be open and share information throughout the process so that there are fewer surprises when it is time for the birth, after-birth care, and taking care of the newborn.

Q: After delivery, what does a typical newborn period look like for the parent(s) and baby?

It is common for babies to experience withdrawal symptoms from medications used to treat opioid addiction (also called neonatal abstinence syndrome), but this should not stop a healthcare provider from prescribing the medications or pregnant people from taking them. After the baby is born, parents should team up with their baby’s healthcare provider to keep an eye on the newborn and get help when needed. It is important for parents to be involved in their baby’s care and spend time bonding with them. If parents feel they are not getting these chances, they can speak up and ask for them.

Withdrawal symptoms in a baby are treatable, but some babies need to be monitored extra closely and around the clock. It can also be helpful to prepare ahead of time and learn if it is possible that your baby might go to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) instead of staying in the recovery room with you. While unexpected things can happen in any pregnancy and birth, you could ask your providers ahead of time whether they think there is a reason your baby might go to the NICU and what you might expect. For example, you might want to know how long your baby could be in the NICU and make a plan for advocating to still be able to see, touch, and care for your baby as often as possible during your baby’s medical care.

Q: Can you share recommended resources?

There are widely available, free, and confidential programs, resources, and provider directories that anyone can access including the following:

• National Maternal Mental Health Hotline provides 24/7 support to pregnant and postpartum individuals experiencing challenges with mood and anxiety, as well as their support persons and loved ones. Call or text 1-833-TLC-MAMA.
• MotherToBaby provides information about exposures, like medications and diseases, during pregnancy and while breastfeeding through its free phone service 866-626-6847, text 855-999-3525, email and live chat via MotherToBaby.org.
• Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) offers a directory to find medical providers who specialize in treating opioid use disorders. Locate a practitioner here.  SAMHSA also provides a National Helpline that can provide treatment referral and information 24/7. Call 1-800-662-HELP.
• Postpartum Support International HelpLine provides basic information, support, and resources for pregnant, postpartum, and parenting individuals and their support persons and loved ones. This line is not 24/7 but messages are returned daily. Call or text 1-800-944-4773.
• Postpartum Support International Provider Directory lists medical and mental healthcare professionals who are specially certified to care for pregnant and postpartum individuals. Access the directory here.
• The Suicide and Crisis Lifeline is available 24/7 by calling or texting 988.
• Circle of Security is an evidence-based program that helps parents build secure parent-child relationships, effectively meet babies’ needs, and help parents break cycles from their own childhoods that they do not wish to carry over to their children. Learn more here and a Circle of Security Parent Educator here.

We had just shared a lot of information with Lyndsay. She was relieved to hear that her recovery treatment was going to allow her to stay well in pregnancy and give her the best chance to have a healthy baby. “I feel like I have a better idea of what questions I need to ask my OB and pediatrician,” she told us. “I feel less alone in this now and it looks like there are places I can go to get more information too.”

References:

MotherToBaby Blog: “Dear Opioid-Addicted Moms-To-Be, We are Here for You”

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). About opioid use during pregnancy.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Treatment for opioid use disorder before, during, and after pregnancy.

Gerdts-Andresen, T. (2021). Circle of security-parenting: a systematic review of effectiveness when using the parent training Programme with multi-problem families. Nordic Journal of Social Research, 12(1), 1-26.

Henry, M. C., Sanjuan, P. M., Stone, L. C., Cairo, G. F., Lohr-Valdez, A., & Leeman, L. M. (2021). Alcohol and other substance use disorder recovery during pregnancy among patients with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms: A qualitative study. Drug and Alcohol Dependence Reports, 1, 100013.

Horton, E., & Murray, C. (2015). A quantitative exploratory evaluation of the circle of security‐parenting program with mothers in residential substance‐abuse treatment. Infant mental health journal, 36(3), 320-336.

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2018). Clinical guidance for treating pregnant and parenting women with opioid use disorder and their infants. Vol HHS Publication No.(SMA) 18-5054.

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2024). Evidence-based, whole-person care for pregnant people who have opioid use disorder. SAMHSA Advisory. https://store.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/whole-person-care-pregnant-people-oud-pep23-02-01-002.pdf

Note: This information should not take the place of medical care and advice from your healthcare providers.

The post When Addiction Recovery Meets Pregnancy: Finding a Balance for Mom and Baby appeared first on MotherToBaby.

My friend Jocelyn, newly (and unexpectedly!) pregnant called in a bit of a panic. Her cardiologist was switching her high blood pressure medication now that she was pregnant.  Jocelyn was still waiting for her asthma doctor to call her back but she figured her asthma treatment plan was another of the many changes she needed to make to accommodate the pregnancy. “Does anything stay the same?” she asked.

Jocelyn was relieved to learn that at least in the case of asthma, the answer is, often, YES! The general thought is that the medications working to treat asthma in a non-pregnant person are the same ones that should be continued during pregnancy. This is because the main concern is with asthma itself and making sure the developing baby is getting a good supply of oxygen. Improving asthma control is thought to be best for both mom and baby.

Jocelyn had been taking an inhaled corticosteroid for the past five years-ever since she otherwise needed to use her fast-acting rescue inhaler almost daily. Fortunately, for Jocelyn, if a daily preventative is needed, an inhaled corticosteroid like Pulmicort® that she was already taking is a preferred treatment. Why? Well, for one thing, it often works well to stop symptoms. Secondly, because it is inhaled, less of the medication should be able to reach a pregnancy compared to most oral medications. For the same reasons, albuterol for relief of immediate asthma symptoms is also considered a preferred treatment during pregnancy. But, had Jackie been on other types of inhalers when she identified her pregnancy, and they were working well for her, they probably would not need to be changed either.

Maternal asthma that is not well controlled is associated with higher rates of pregnancy complications, such as decreased growth of the baby and preterm delivery (birth before week 37). Therefore, it is important that asthma management during pregnancy continues to include the medications that best control an individual’s asthma symptoms. “Ok,” Jocelyn said. “I will keep going with my inhalers and bug the doctor’s office again to get back to me to confirm.”

Thankfully, the next call I got from Jocelyn wasn’t so panic-stricken. “It sounds like my doctor wants me to continue my asthma inhalers.” With a calmer tone to her voice since our first conversation, she added, “although I would never be a guinea pig, it would be nice if I could help other pregnant persons with asthma so they wouldn’t have to go through the scare I just went through.” I told her we can never have too much information when it comes to asthma and treatments during pregnancy and let her know that at MotherToBaby we are still enrolling pregnant persons with asthma, pregnant persons taking asthma medicines, and even pregnant persons without asthma. There is no cost and you are not asked to take any medication… so guinea pigs need not apply! Just call 877-311-8972 or volunteer for a study through our website. 

“Oh, what about my allergy medicine?” Jocelyn remembered to ask. “When I don’t take Zyrtec®, my asthma flares, and my allergies have been crazy this spring.” I let her know that antihistamines in general have relatively reassuring pregnancy profiles, but it is always good to check on the specific medication.  Pregnancy studies with cetirizine, the medication found in Zyrtec®, have found no increase in birth defects. You can check the product label to make sure cetirizine is the only medication in your product since brand name products can make different formulations. As with any medication in pregnancy, check in with your healthcare provider and follow their dosing recommendations.

More detailed medication information can be found in the following fact sheets:

https://mothertobaby.org/fact-sheets/albuterol-pregnancy/

https://mothertobaby.org/fact-sheets/asthma-and-pregnancy/

https://mothertobaby.org/fact-sheets/cetirizine/

https://mothertobaby.org/fact-sheets/inhaled-corticosteroids-icss-pregnancy/

Bottomline, breathe in, breathe out, and enjoy your pregnancy as best as possible!

Mara Gaudette is a genetic counselor and received her Masters Degree from Northwestern University. Drawn to the satisfaction of providing immediate
reassurance to worried women, she began educating the public about teratogens at MotherToBaby’s Illinois affiliate more than a decade ago. Today, she counsels for MotherToBaby California via phone and live chat.

MotherToBaby is a service of the international Organization of Teratology Information Specialists (OTIS), a suggested resource by many agencies, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). If you have questions about medications, alcohol, diseases, vaccines, or other exposures during pregnancy or breastfeeding, call MotherToBaby toll-FREE at 866-626-6847 or visit MotherToBaby.org to browse a library of fact sheets and find your nearest affiliate.

The post Allergies, Asthma and Pregnancy…Oh My! Wait. Don’t Panic. appeared first on MotherToBaby.

The chat message came through promptly at my morning start time. The words and exclamation marks clearly highlighted worry. “Just found out I’m pregnant! Taking a statin medication to lower cholesterol since 6th grade! Talked to my doctor and stopped taking it yesterday. But what damage have I already done? I know it’s a class X drug! Need info – please help!” Mae agreed to a phone call, and I logged off from our MotherToBaby live chat service and phoned Mae.

First, you may wonder why someone would be on a cholesterol-lowering medication since late elementary or middle school. Isn’t that extreme? Actually no- in Mae’s case she has an inherited condition called familial hypercholesterolemia – or “FH” for short. This is a condition that occurs in about 1 in every 250 persons but is underdiagnosed and therefore undertreated. A simple blood test checking cholesterol levels and a review of your family history (such as checking for heart attacks at younger ages) can help determine if you have FH. Much less common, a more severe form of FH, inherited from both parents, can occur.

To back up a bit, cholesterol is that fatty substance in our bodies that is needed in some amount, but too much cholesterol increases our chance for early heart disease. The lifestyle changes that are recommended to all of us, such as exercising regularly, avoiding smoking, and eating a healthy diet are also part of the treatment plan for FH (and Mae had been working hard to follow these guidelines). But, cholesterol lowering medications are still often a needed part of treatment because lifestyle alone won’t lower cholesterol levels enough in persons with FH. For some with FH, statin medications might be prescribed starting at 8-10 years old.

But what about the “category X” classification Mae mentioned-does this mean that statin medications are absolutely proven to increase birth defects? Fortunately, for Mae the answer is a resounding “no!” Many persons are not aware that the FDA decided in 2014 to phase out their letter category rating system. While an easy system to use, it was not a reliable system to predict pregnancy risk (see our January 2015 blog for more information).

So why were statins assigned that old category X? Well, the developing baby needs cholesterol to form properly so there is a theoretical concern that cholesterol-lowering medications could pose a pregnancy risk. Also, for many persons, particularly those without FH, stopping a cholesterol-lowering medication in the short term of a pregnancy is thought unlikely to significantly increase their heart disease risks. However, for some persons, avoiding all cholesterol treatments might pose concerns for both the pregnant person and baby. So, if you have FH, talking with your cardiologist and obstetrician about a cholesterol treatment plan is important when planning a pregnancy or when you learn of your pregnancy.

Most studies with the class of medications called “statins” have not found an increase in birth defects with accidental use early in pregnancy. This should provide some reassurance to pregnant persons who were taking statins before they realized they were pregnant, like Mae. (For more info, see our fact sheet on Statins in pregnancy.)

“I feel a little better. But, I wish there were more pregnancies that were studied. We need more info about medications we might have to take during pregnancy,” Mae said. At MotherToBaby, we completely agree! And I appreciated her lead to bring up our optional follow-up program. I let Mae know that in addition to providing information, we have a study team that follows pregnancy outcomes. This will allow us to provide more information to worried parents and their healthcare providers. So, if you find yourself like Mae drawn to the importance of this information and wondering how you can contribute, call 877-311-8972, email mothertobaby@ucsd.edu or you can volunteer for a study through our website. There is no cost to participate and pregnant persons are never asked to take a medication.

Mara Gaudette is a genetic counselor and received her Masters Degree from Northwestern University. Drawn to the satisfaction of providing immediate reassurance to worried women, she began educating the public about teratogens at MotherToBaby’s Illinois affiliate more than a decade ago. Today, she not only continues to counsel for MotherToBaby via phone, but also on live chat and email as part of MotherToBaby California’s team of experts.

MotherToBaby is a service of OTIS, a suggested resource by many agencies including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). If you have questions about exposures like cholesterol medication, please call MotherToBaby toll-FREE at 866-626-6847 or try out MotherToBaby’s text information service by texting questions to (855) 999-3525. You can also visit MotherToBaby.org to browse a library of fact sheets about dozens of viruses, medications, vaccines, alcohol, diseases, or other exposures during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

The post A Closer Look at Controlling Cholesterol during Pregnancy appeared first on MotherToBaby.

There are many ways your healthcare providers may treat your atopic dermatitis during pregnancy.  Treatment may be topical (used on the skin) such as moisturizers and creams or systemic (medication taken by mouth or by injection). Information on specific medications can be found in our fact sheets at https://mothertobaby.org/fact-sheets/ or by contacting a MotherToBaby specialist at 866.626.6847.

Generally, the first line of treatment in pregnancy is topical because of the route of exposure. The developing baby is exposed to things in a pregnant person’s blood. When you take a medication by mouth or swallow something, we know that is very likely to enter the bloodstream, where it can then potentially cross the placenta and reach the baby. With most topical products, the skin serves as a good barrier, so it is not expected that a significant amount of the product would be able to enter the pregnant person’s blood where it can then reach the baby. This is especially true when the topical product is used on small areas of the body, used infrequently, or used on healthy (non-broken) skin.

If topical treatment is not working for you, fear not, there may be a glimmer of hope – light therapy.

Understanding Light Therapy:

Light therapy, also known as phototherapy, is a treatment option for atopic dermatitis that involves exposing the skin to ultraviolet (UV) light under controlled conditions. There are various types of light therapy including: narrowband (NBUVB), broadband (BBUVB), UVA, UVA1, full-spectrum light, saltwater bath plus UVB (balneophototherapy), psoralen plus UVA (PUVA), and other forms of phototherapy.  UV light is the same light that comes from the sun, and it is not radiation. This therapy aims to reduce inflammation and itchiness, ultimately improving the overall condition of the skin.

Light Therapy During Pregnancy:

While there’s limited research on light therapy during pregnancy, it is not expected to increase the chance of pregnancy complications. Most of the types of light are not expected to be absorbed through the skin and reach the developing baby. However, while NBUVB and BBUVB phototherapy can be used during pregnancy, they may reduce folic acid levels.  Folic acid is very important for baby’s development especially in the first trimester of pregnancy. Make sure you talk with your healthcare provider about folic acid supplementation and monitoring folic acid levels if you do need to get phototherapy in the first trimester. You may find our factsheet on folic acid helpful here: https://mothertobaby.org/fact-sheets/folic-acid/. Additionally, psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) light therapy should be avoided during pregnancy due to increased chance of low birth weight (weighing less than 5 pounds, 8 ounces [2500 grams] at birth).

In order to learn more about how atopic dermatitis and light therapy may affect pregnancy, MotherToBaby is currently enrolling people who are pregnant in the Eczema & Pregnancy Study. You can make an impact on the health of future families today by joining the study. Learn more about the study here: https://mothertobaby.org/ongoing-study/eczema-moderate-to-severe-atopic-dermatitis/

Protecting the Skin:

Your healthcare provider may recommend using sunscreen for additional skin protection after light therapy.  Sunscreen ingredients such as avobenzone, homosalate, octisalate, and octocrylene may be absorbed through the skin in small amounts with regular use, especially if they are used on large areas of the body. However, there is no proven increased risk to a pregnancy from using these ingredients. Mineral sunscreens contain zinc or titanium which are physical blocking agents and stay on top of the skin. That means they are not absorbed through the skin and are not expected to reach the developing baby. More information is available on our blog: https://mothertobaby.org/baby-blog/screening-your-sunscreen-during-pregnancy/

As with any medical treatment during pregnancy, it’s essential to weigh the potential risks and benefits with your healthcare provider.

Things to Consider:

Before diving into light therapy, here are a few things to consider:

1. Consult Your Healthcare Provider: Always consult with your healthcare provider before starting any new treatment, especially during pregnancy. Your healthcare provider can help you assess potential risks and determine if light therapy, and what type of light therapy, is right for you.

2. Alternative Treatments: If light therapy isn’t suitable for you during pregnancy, don’t worry! There may be other treatment options available that can help manage your symptoms. Information on specific medications can be found in our fact sheets at https://mothertobaby.org/fact-sheets/ or by contacting a MotherToBaby specialist at 866.626.6847.

3. Consider Joining the MotherToBaby Eczema & Pregnancy Study: Are you interested in joining our community of expecting parents who are sharing their pregnancy journey with our study team?  If you would like more information, visit https://mothertobaby.org/ongoing-study/eczema-moderate-to-severe-atopic-dermatitis/ or call 877-311-8972.

In Conclusion:

Atopic dermatitis can be challenging to manage, especially during pregnancy. However, light therapy offers a ray of hope for many people who are pregnant and struggling with this skin condition. Remember to always consult with your healthcare provider to determine the best course of action for you and your baby. You’ve got this!

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