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St. John’s Wort

Selected References:

  • Alzahrani MA, et al. 2023 Effect of St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) on Male Sexual and Reproductive Health: A Narrative Review. Biomedicines. 11(10):2800.
  • Barrett B, et al. 1999. Assessing the risks and benefits of herbal medicine: An overview of scientific evidence. Altern Ther Health Med 5(4):40-49.
  • Fetrow CW and Avila JR. 1999. Professional’s Handbook of Complementary and Alternative Medicines. Springhouse, PA: Springhouse Corporation.
  • Grush LE, et al. 1998. St. John’s wort During Pregnancy. JAMA 280(18):1566.
  • Klier CM, et al. 2006. St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum) and breastfeeding: plasma and breast milk concentrations of hyperforin for 5 mothers and 2 infants. J Clin Psychiatry. 67(2):305-309.
  • Kolding L, et al. 2015. Hypericum perforatum use during pregnancy and pregnancy outcome. Reprod Toxicol; 58:234-7.
  • Kaygusuz M, et al. 2021. TCM use in pregnant women and nursing mothers: A study from Turkey. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 42:101300.
  • LeeA, et al. 2003. The safety of St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum) during Breast-feeding. J Clin Psychiatry 64(8):966-968.
  • Moretti ME, et al. 2009 Evaluating the safety of St. John’s wort in human pregnancy. Reprod Toxicol. 28(1):96-99.
  • Nordeng H and Havnen GC. 2004. Use of herbal drugs in pregnancy: a survey among 400 Norwegian women. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Safety 13:371-380.
  • Ondrizek RR, et al. 1999. Inhibition of human sperm motility by specific herbs used in alternative medicine. J Assist Reprod Genet 16(2):87-91.
  • Schafer W, et al. 2021. Characterization of pregnancies exposed to St. John’s wort and their outcomes: A claims data analysis. Reprod Toxicol 102:90-97.
  • Spiess D, et al. 2022. Advanced in Vitro Safety Assessment of Herbal Medicines for the Treatment of Non-Psychotic Mental Disorders in Pregnancy. Front Pharmacol. 13:882997.
  • United Stated Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 2021. Dietary Supplements. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/dietary-supplements.
  • United Stated Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 2024. Dietary Supplements. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/food/dietary-supplements.

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